The Joint Implementation (JI) mechanism was created under the Kyoto Protocol to provide countries with a flexible and cost-effective way to meet their emissions reduction targets. As the Paris Agreement builds on this framework, it`s worth examining the role JI may play in the new agreement.

Under JI, developed countries with emission reduction commitments can invest in projects that reduce emissions in other developed countries. These projects generate emission reduction credits, which can be used to meet the investing country`s own emission reduction targets. This approach can help countries achieve their targets at a lower cost than they would otherwise incur.

The Paris Agreement includes provisions for a new market mechanism, which will allow countries to use international emissions trading to meet their targets. This mechanism is still being developed and will be finalized at a later date, but it is expected to build on the JI framework.

In addition to its cost-saving benefits, JI can also foster cooperation and technology transfer between countries. The mechanism requires countries to work together to design, implement, and verify emission reduction projects, which can promote learning and knowledge sharing.

However, JI has faced criticism for some of its implementation challenges. For example, it can be difficult to accurately measure emission reductions and ensure that they are permanent. Some projects have also faced allegations of fraud or double counting of emissions reductions.

Despite these challenges, JI has proved to be a valuable tool in reducing emissions and meeting climate targets. As the Paris Agreement moves forward, it`s likely that JI will continue to play a role in the global response to climate change.